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Lambda Sensors – Key to Low Fuel Consumption and Clean Exhaust Gases

Lambda sensors rank among the most crucial components of modern car exhaust systems. They control exhaust composition by measuring oxygen levels, which enables the engine management unit to optimize the air-fuel mixture. As a result, the engine operates efficiently, emissions of harmful substances are minimized, and fuel consumption can drop by several percent.

How Does a Lambda Sensor Work?

The lambda sensor (also known as an oxygen sensor) is installed in the exhaust system, typically just before or directly after the catalytic converter. It sends a signal to the engine's ECU (Electronic Control Unit) indicating whether the air-fuel mixture being burned in the cylinders is rich or lean. This allows the computer to precisely control fuel injection and ignition, which is especially important for gasoline and LPG engines.

When Should You Replace the Lambda Sensor?

A faulty lambda sensor can lead to various issues: increased fuel consumption, reduced engine power, excessive smoke, and elevated emissions of nitrogen oxides or hydrocarbons. The most common signs of a faulty lambda sensor include:

  • Higher fuel consumption
  • Irregular engine operation, jerking, or loss of power
  • Illuminated “Check Engine” warning light
  • Difficulty starting the engine
  • Failed emission tests at technical inspections

How to Choose the Right Lambda Sensor?

Choosing the correct lambda sensor requires matching it to your car's reference part number, make, model, and production year. Both universal and dedicated original (OE) sensors are available—OE sensors guarantee the best compatibility and performance.
Tip: Before purchasing, check the sensor location (before or after the catalytic converter) and the number of wires required for your new sensor.

Frequently Asked Questions about Lambda Sensors

  • How often should lambda sensors be replaced? – Replacement is recommended every 60,000–150,000 km, but it depends on driving style and fuel quality.
  • Can a damaged lambda sensor harm the catalytic converter? – Yes—an incorrect air-fuel mixture can overheat and destroy the catalyst.
  • What is the difference between sensors before and after the catalytic converter? – The pre-cat sensor measures the mixture, while the post-cat sensor checks the efficiency of the catalytic converter.
  • Can I drive with a faulty lambda sensor? – It is not recommended, as it can cause more serious engine and exhaust system damage.

The Importance of an Efficient Lambda Sensor for the Environment and Your Wallet

A functioning lambda sensor is essential—not only for engine health but also to reduce harmful emissions and avoid higher repair and fuel costs. It is worth diagnosing and replacing the sensor regularly according to manufacturer recommendations.